Darin King Counseling | Trauma & Telehealth Therapy PA

An adult sits quietly, experiencing the physiological effects of trauma and chronic stress.

Cortisol and Trauma: How Chronic Stress Affects the Mind and Body

When we talk about trauma, we often focus on the emotional and psychological impacts—but trauma also deeply affects the body. One of the most significant biological systems involved in trauma is the stress hormone cortisol.

Understanding the link between cortisol and trauma can help make sense of symptoms like anxiety, fatigue, sleep problems, and even chronic illness. Let’s explore what cortisol is, how it’s impacted by trauma, and what can be done to support healing.

What Is Cortisol?

Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress. It plays a key role in the body’s “fight or flight” response—regulating metabolism, blood sugar, blood pressure, inflammation, and energy levels.

In healthy situations, cortisol rises when needed (like during a crisis) and then returns to baseline once the threat has passed. But in cases of chronic stress or unresolved trauma, this balance can be disrupted.

How Trauma Affects Cortisol Levels

When someone experiences trauma—especially in childhood—the body may begin to release cortisol too frequently or not enough. This dysregulation can continue for years after the traumatic events have ended.

1. Chronic Cortisol Elevation

In the early stages of trauma or prolonged stress, cortisol may remain consistently elevated. This state is often linked to:

  • Anxiety or panic attacks
  • Sleep disturbances or nightmares
  • Racing thoughts and irritability

2. Cortisol Suppression (Burnout)

Over time, the body may struggle to keep up with cortisol production, resulting in low cortisol levels. This “crash” phase can look like:

  • Exhaustion or burnout
  • Brain fog or memory problems
  • Depression or emotional numbness
  • Weakened immune system

The Long-Term Impact of Cortisol Dysregulation

When cortisol levels stay too high or too low for too long, it can contribute to a range of issues, including:

  • Digestive problems (IBS, inflammation)
  • Autoimmune disorders
  • Hormonal imbalances
  • Chronic pain or fatigue
  • Increased risk of heart disease or diabetes

This is why trauma isn’t just “in your head”—it affects your entire system. And unless addressed, the body may remain in a cycle of stress even when you’re physically safe.

Healing from Trauma and Restoring Balance

The good news is that the brain and body are resilient. With the right support, it’s possible to regulate cortisol levels and retrain your nervous system for safety and calm.

Trauma-Informed Therapy Can Help

At Darin King Counseling, we use a trauma-informed approach to help you:

  • Understand your body’s response to stress and trauma
  • Learn regulation techniques to calm the nervous system
  • Process past trauma in a safe and supportive space
  • Develop habits that support cortisol balance (like sleep, mindfulness, and boundaries)

You’re Not Weak—Your Body Is Protecting You

If you’re dealing with chronic stress, fatigue, or anxiety that doesn’t make sense logically, your body might still be reacting to past trauma. This doesn’t mean you’re broken—it means your body adapted to keep you safe.

With trauma-informed therapy, you can move from survival mode to a life that feels more balanced, calm, and fulfilling.

Ready to Begin Your Healing Journey?

We provide virtual trauma counseling across Pennsylvania to help individuals understand and heal the effects of trauma—emotionally and physiologically.

It’s not just stress—it’s your nervous system asking for care. Let’s work together to give it the support it deserves.